This chapter has taught me a lot about the importance of understanding the changing patterns of media ownership. Media concentration is a commonly used term among media critics, policy makers, and others to characterize the ownership structure of the media industry. When we talk of media concentration, we are referring to the presence of media conglomerates in the media industry.
A media conglomerate as a company owns many different types of media businesses. Many businesses also operate worldwide. The Japan-based Sony Corporation started in 1946 as Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering. It originally only had three employees. Amazingly in 2001, it boasted more than 18,000 worldwide with over 58 billion dollars in sales.
Sony started as a conglomerate that dealt with consumer audio-video products before moving into the media business in the late 1980s. Today Sony Pictures Entertainment is one of the top five distributors of music and movies worldwide. The rise of media conglomerates can be traced back to the 1980’s and 1990’s. During this time, there were many mergers and buyouts within the media and entertainment world.
By controlling the media vertical supply chain, a conglomerate can generate enormous profit from its media products. If a conglomerate has a successful movie, it could promote the film through its other broadcast properties. It could then use the film to spin off TV programs, musical CD’s, and books, while marketing various other merchandise.
Today these conglomerates are no longer producing products within the media as brands that are durable and profitable. Size is extremely important. If a company controls a vertical supply chain, it can use all the resources in its organization to squeeze the last ounce of profitability out of its products.
I do agree that in the Twenty-First Century a growing number of media organizations are part of a larger media conglomerate. They vary between economic and media interests. In my opinion, I feel that news organizations are purely interested in reporting issues that are of public concern. This is to ensure that all citizens living within a democracy would have the opportunity to take action to ensure the health and well being of it.
The dichotomy between news organizations and the rest of the media is not clearly defined. Although this has not always been true, today it is obvious that trends have an impact on the way the news is reported and published. Because of this, there are many areas of overlapping involving entertainment when reporting the news in today’s market.
Tuesday, March 31, 2009
Thursday, March 26, 2009
Merchants of cool
The Merchants of Cool is about marketers listening to what teens want, admire, and most importantly, what is “cool.” Teens are being observed and questioned about what they think is in and what is out. This helps advertisers make more money on either the product they are trying to sell, or the image they are trying to sell. For example, the stereotype “the midriff” saying that you are a sexual object but proud of it. This has been influenced by Britney Spears and other celebrities that young girls look up to. It is messaging to young girls that it’s okay to flaunt your sexuality.
I remember watching the MTV music awards with my mother and brother. I loved Britney Spear and her music, so I was really looking forward to her performance on the show. When she took off her top and started dancing around in a very sexual costume I was shocked. Someone that I thought was classy, that I could look up to, changed her image over night for what the media wants. Merchants of Cool talked about how this drags the public in, but for me this pushed me away. Advertisers and the media obviously can’t cater to every trend, and everyone’s thought of what they consider cool. Sometimes they just concentrate on one image to give the audience, and hope or be dragged in to buy their product. 7th heaven, a family friendly TV show on the WB, had to compete with shows such as Dawson’s Creek that had more teen sexual content. I am amazed to admit how greatly sexual images have infiltrated the mainstream media. Thinking back to when I was in grammar school, there were certain images displayed on TV or in magazines that were family oriented or innocently revolving around clean cut girls or boys. Of course, there were always a few inappropriate shows and commercials, but in today’s commercial environment, sex seems to have taken over every aspect of television and media. Unfortunately for young children watching TV today, nothing is left to the imagination. Sex seems to sell everything from shampoo to jeans. These messages are so blatant and “in your face” that I feel we all need to step back and come to a happy medium as a society.
I am so happy to see that Dove and their line of products embrace girls and women of all sizes and encourage them to be happy with themselves. I hope this trend setting company will provoke the current media to make some changes.
I am a realist and am well aware that we cannot turn back the hands of time, but as a society I feel we can make a statement in what we watch and what we buy. We can let our voices be heard by our actions and hopefully, things will begin to change so that my children will be brought up in a less sexual prevalent media environment.
I remember watching the MTV music awards with my mother and brother. I loved Britney Spear and her music, so I was really looking forward to her performance on the show. When she took off her top and started dancing around in a very sexual costume I was shocked. Someone that I thought was classy, that I could look up to, changed her image over night for what the media wants. Merchants of Cool talked about how this drags the public in, but for me this pushed me away. Advertisers and the media obviously can’t cater to every trend, and everyone’s thought of what they consider cool. Sometimes they just concentrate on one image to give the audience, and hope or be dragged in to buy their product. 7th heaven, a family friendly TV show on the WB, had to compete with shows such as Dawson’s Creek that had more teen sexual content. I am amazed to admit how greatly sexual images have infiltrated the mainstream media. Thinking back to when I was in grammar school, there were certain images displayed on TV or in magazines that were family oriented or innocently revolving around clean cut girls or boys. Of course, there were always a few inappropriate shows and commercials, but in today’s commercial environment, sex seems to have taken over every aspect of television and media. Unfortunately for young children watching TV today, nothing is left to the imagination. Sex seems to sell everything from shampoo to jeans. These messages are so blatant and “in your face” that I feel we all need to step back and come to a happy medium as a society.
I am so happy to see that Dove and their line of products embrace girls and women of all sizes and encourage them to be happy with themselves. I hope this trend setting company will provoke the current media to make some changes.
I am a realist and am well aware that we cannot turn back the hands of time, but as a society I feel we can make a statement in what we watch and what we buy. We can let our voices be heard by our actions and hopefully, things will begin to change so that my children will be brought up in a less sexual prevalent media environment.
Tuesday, March 24, 2009
chapter 3 synopsis
Chapter 3 synopsis:
This chapter has taught me a lot about the importance of understanding the changing patterns of media ownership. Media concentration is a commonly used term among media critics, policy makers, and others to characterize the ownership structure of the media industry. When we talk of media concentration we are referring to the presence of media conglomerates in the media industry. Media conglomerate as a company owns many different types of media bsinesses. Many media conglomerates owned different media businesses which operates worldwide. Japan-based sony corporation started in 1946 as Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering, with three employees. Now boast more than 18,000 worlwide and over 58 billion in sales for 2001. Sony started as a conglomerate that deals with consumr audio-video poducts before moving into the media business in the late 1980s. Today its sony Pictures enterainment is one ofthe top five distributors of albums worldwide. The rise of the media conglomerates can be traced back to the 1980s & 1900s which saw a lot of mergers and buyouts of media and enterainment companies. By controlling the edia vertical supply chain, a conglomerate can generate enormous profit out of its media products. If a mdia conglomrate has a successful movie, it could promote thefile through its broadcast properties, and then usethe film to spin off tv programs, musical cds, books, and other merchadise. Today meda conglomerates are nolonger producing media products as creating brands that are durable and profitable which is promoted through its media channels. Size matters, if a meia company controls a vertical supply chain, it can us the full resource of its organizations to squeeze the last ounce of profitability out of its media products. I agree that in the twenty-first cetury a growing number of media organizations are part of more geeral media conglomerates that have a wide range of media and other economic interests. I think that news orgranizations are purely interested in reporting issue that are public concern. This is to ensure tat citizens in a democracy would take note and act to ensure the health of democracy. This dichotomy between news organizations and the rest of media industry is false and news organizations are essentially part of the media industry. Trends have an impact in the way news are reported and published.
This chapter has taught me a lot about the importance of understanding the changing patterns of media ownership. Media concentration is a commonly used term among media critics, policy makers, and others to characterize the ownership structure of the media industry. When we talk of media concentration we are referring to the presence of media conglomerates in the media industry. Media conglomerate as a company owns many different types of media bsinesses. Many media conglomerates owned different media businesses which operates worldwide. Japan-based sony corporation started in 1946 as Tokyo Telecommunications Engineering, with three employees. Now boast more than 18,000 worlwide and over 58 billion in sales for 2001. Sony started as a conglomerate that deals with consumr audio-video poducts before moving into the media business in the late 1980s. Today its sony Pictures enterainment is one ofthe top five distributors of albums worldwide. The rise of the media conglomerates can be traced back to the 1980s & 1900s which saw a lot of mergers and buyouts of media and enterainment companies. By controlling the edia vertical supply chain, a conglomerate can generate enormous profit out of its media products. If a mdia conglomrate has a successful movie, it could promote thefile through its broadcast properties, and then usethe film to spin off tv programs, musical cds, books, and other merchadise. Today meda conglomerates are nolonger producing media products as creating brands that are durable and profitable which is promoted through its media channels. Size matters, if a meia company controls a vertical supply chain, it can us the full resource of its organizations to squeeze the last ounce of profitability out of its media products. I agree that in the twenty-first cetury a growing number of media organizations are part of more geeral media conglomerates that have a wide range of media and other economic interests. I think that news orgranizations are purely interested in reporting issue that are public concern. This is to ensure tat citizens in a democracy would take note and act to ensure the health of democracy. This dichotomy between news organizations and the rest of media industry is false and news organizations are essentially part of the media industry. Trends have an impact in the way news are reported and published.
Friday, March 13, 2009
Friday, March 6, 2009
I used katy perry for my first cover of the magazine because she is very popular right now and would sell a lot of magazines to the public. I also chose to use the facial mask as another cover because the magazine talks about products to save your skin, and the stars of what not to wear because the cover also talks about how to get red carpet ready and shopping and stacey london and clinton are perfect for giving tips!
midterm
Every day we are always seeing things within our environment; and to “see” is the process of simply observing the world around us and acknowledging while recognizing what it is exactly we see.
“Looking” at an object or person involves a greater sense of what is going on and with a definate motivation. Looking at something can be very easy or difficult. It takes effort and choice on behalf of the person involved in the acitivity. There is also always various conscience and unconscience ways of looking at things.
I am amazed at how we are such a visual culture and that a majority of what we learn within our daily lives we understand through our visual media. We also use these various images to express ourselves and to communicate.
I do agree that we live in a world that is extremely visual, although some of these images can create a feeling of pain, uncomfortableness, disgust, pleasure and power to name a few. We have to remember that a single image means different things to different people. Everyone incorporates their background and history with them throughout life while they experience new adventures and images.
The fundamentals of spectatorship within this chapter also give the reader an introduction to the concept of the gaze. It explores the traditional ideas of the gaze in cinema and art history. In addition, it explains theories of how things have been modernized and updated in relation to the changing concepts of spectatorship within lesbian/gay relationships and their gender analysis.
Gender is a huge part in understanding the concepts of the gaze. In the past, many artists’ paintings were entirely geared toward the male viewer. Griselda Pollock portrayed modernity in her art. The spaces of femininity had much to do with the commerce of art as it did with the social roles and sexual stereotypes of men and women. As stated in this chapter, throughout the history of art there have always been women gazing at themselves in mirrors, while their bodies are turned toward their supposed (male) viewer.
In the painting, Venus and Cupid from the early 1500’s, and Venus with a Mirror, the women are posed as objects of an active or male gaze, and any returning looks were often discouraged, indirect, or implied as passive. The images were of nude women who were presented to their male viewers. The mirror was used to offer another view in the image and to make multiple planes within a painting that could be seen by the stationary spectator. I later learned that the mirror is also a code for femininity.
As I read further, Venus then looks at herself while Cupid attends to her. However, Cupid is actually on display for the acknowledged male viewer, the mirror portrays her gaze as being conceited. These codes of imaging the female nude have a long tradition in art. They are also used liberally in advertisements. Today there is a multitude of image styles in film and advertising that focus men to the gaze and provide new ways of looking for all spectators.
The concept of the gaze in relation to the theories of Michael Foucault on discourse, power/knowledge involves the role of photography. It reveals modern power through institutions, such as hospitals and prisons, while examining its relationship to the power of the gaze. This is later studied when examining various images in advertising.
In the portrait of Arnold Schwarzenegger, the reading describes him as a former bodybuilder, action film star, and widely now known as the “Governator of California.” In my opinion this image is clearly mocking Arnold and the fact that he was elected California’s Governor.
Arnold is a spectator in this image because California is all counting on him and looking at him to make a difference and hoping he will do so. It seems it is almost asking the question, “How can you go from showing your muscles and sexuality for a profit, while role playing in front of the camera, and then years later stand there as a Governor?”
In the portrait Arnold’s face seems sad, unsure, and even though his body is one of a bodybuilder; his posture is slouched and he is does not look confident. It is apparent that he is insecure of what others are thinking about him. He may also feel within himself not only that he looks foolish, but also a greater feeling of self-doubt. This, as we all know can destroy a person’s self-esteem and ability to succeed.
Another term that I thought I was well versed in was the term "modern." I realized that it can refer to many different things. Modernity refers to the Modern Era It was first introduced in 1627, and describes the knowledge, power, and social practices which emerged in Europe around that time.
Modernity was not associated solely with newness, but also with beliefs in rationality and progress. It was seen as a tremendous attribute of the Europeans and the rest of the world felt forced to embrace this way of thinking.
The conditions of modernity were the grounds for the emergence of modernism; a term that refers to a group of styles and movements in art, architecture and culture around the world.
Today, we use the term, “modern” loosely. It is referenced in an everyday sense to mean present or recent times. It can also refer to someone having contemporary views. In relation to art and culture, however, the term modern takes on a different set of meanings.
Some schools of thought feel strongly that modernity ended in the late 20th century, replaced by post-modernity. There are others that would likely extend modernity to cover later developments denoted by post-modernity and into the present.
After my reading, I feel that modernity simply means that we are not just simply progressing through our lives in today’s society with the same experiences as our parents. We are all constantly facing new modern times and challenges and therefore, letting go of some of the traditional ways of thinking. This is how we have evolved and grown as human being throughout time. We have always learned from our past and moved forward to uncover and develop a bright future.
“Looking” at an object or person involves a greater sense of what is going on and with a definate motivation. Looking at something can be very easy or difficult. It takes effort and choice on behalf of the person involved in the acitivity. There is also always various conscience and unconscience ways of looking at things.
I am amazed at how we are such a visual culture and that a majority of what we learn within our daily lives we understand through our visual media. We also use these various images to express ourselves and to communicate.
I do agree that we live in a world that is extremely visual, although some of these images can create a feeling of pain, uncomfortableness, disgust, pleasure and power to name a few. We have to remember that a single image means different things to different people. Everyone incorporates their background and history with them throughout life while they experience new adventures and images.
The fundamentals of spectatorship within this chapter also give the reader an introduction to the concept of the gaze. It explores the traditional ideas of the gaze in cinema and art history. In addition, it explains theories of how things have been modernized and updated in relation to the changing concepts of spectatorship within lesbian/gay relationships and their gender analysis.
Gender is a huge part in understanding the concepts of the gaze. In the past, many artists’ paintings were entirely geared toward the male viewer. Griselda Pollock portrayed modernity in her art. The spaces of femininity had much to do with the commerce of art as it did with the social roles and sexual stereotypes of men and women. As stated in this chapter, throughout the history of art there have always been women gazing at themselves in mirrors, while their bodies are turned toward their supposed (male) viewer.
In the painting, Venus and Cupid from the early 1500’s, and Venus with a Mirror, the women are posed as objects of an active or male gaze, and any returning looks were often discouraged, indirect, or implied as passive. The images were of nude women who were presented to their male viewers. The mirror was used to offer another view in the image and to make multiple planes within a painting that could be seen by the stationary spectator. I later learned that the mirror is also a code for femininity.
As I read further, Venus then looks at herself while Cupid attends to her. However, Cupid is actually on display for the acknowledged male viewer, the mirror portrays her gaze as being conceited. These codes of imaging the female nude have a long tradition in art. They are also used liberally in advertisements. Today there is a multitude of image styles in film and advertising that focus men to the gaze and provide new ways of looking for all spectators.
The concept of the gaze in relation to the theories of Michael Foucault on discourse, power/knowledge involves the role of photography. It reveals modern power through institutions, such as hospitals and prisons, while examining its relationship to the power of the gaze. This is later studied when examining various images in advertising.
In the portrait of Arnold Schwarzenegger, the reading describes him as a former bodybuilder, action film star, and widely now known as the “Governator of California.” In my opinion this image is clearly mocking Arnold and the fact that he was elected California’s Governor.
Arnold is a spectator in this image because California is all counting on him and looking at him to make a difference and hoping he will do so. It seems it is almost asking the question, “How can you go from showing your muscles and sexuality for a profit, while role playing in front of the camera, and then years later stand there as a Governor?”
In the portrait Arnold’s face seems sad, unsure, and even though his body is one of a bodybuilder; his posture is slouched and he is does not look confident. It is apparent that he is insecure of what others are thinking about him. He may also feel within himself not only that he looks foolish, but also a greater feeling of self-doubt. This, as we all know can destroy a person’s self-esteem and ability to succeed.
Another term that I thought I was well versed in was the term "modern." I realized that it can refer to many different things. Modernity refers to the Modern Era It was first introduced in 1627, and describes the knowledge, power, and social practices which emerged in Europe around that time.
Modernity was not associated solely with newness, but also with beliefs in rationality and progress. It was seen as a tremendous attribute of the Europeans and the rest of the world felt forced to embrace this way of thinking.
The conditions of modernity were the grounds for the emergence of modernism; a term that refers to a group of styles and movements in art, architecture and culture around the world.
Today, we use the term, “modern” loosely. It is referenced in an everyday sense to mean present or recent times. It can also refer to someone having contemporary views. In relation to art and culture, however, the term modern takes on a different set of meanings.
Some schools of thought feel strongly that modernity ended in the late 20th century, replaced by post-modernity. There are others that would likely extend modernity to cover later developments denoted by post-modernity and into the present.
After my reading, I feel that modernity simply means that we are not just simply progressing through our lives in today’s society with the same experiences as our parents. We are all constantly facing new modern times and challenges and therefore, letting go of some of the traditional ways of thinking. This is how we have evolved and grown as human being throughout time. We have always learned from our past and moved forward to uncover and develop a bright future.
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